February 22, 2012

School Violence and Bullying

Bullying on IRFE in March 5, 2007, the first c... 

Image via Wikipedia

School violence came to the forefront of the news when two students brought guns to Columbine High School in Colorado and opened fire on the students, faculty and staff. Thirteen people were killed in the attack and another 21 individuals suffered injuries of varying degrees. This wasn’t the first incidence of school violence, nor was it the last, but it did focus America’s attention on the need for better prevention of bullying and other types of school violence.

Since then, the Columbine tragedy and other similar instances have initiated questions concering the causes of this type of behavior, including violence in movies and video games, medications for juvenile depression or attention-deficit disorders and even the discipine that American children do and do not receive at home. So far, there have been no definitive causes and thus no absolute solutions. What we do know is that horrific school violence situations can stem from what was previously considered to be ordinary bullying.

There is no such thing as harmless bullying. Not only does this type of behavior do massive amounts of harm to the victims, but also those guily of the bullying. When parents send the message that bullying is a part of growing up or should be handled by the children themselves, they are validating the emotional causes in the bully. When kids grow up believing that ”might makes right,” they have a difficult time adjusting to situations in which they enjoy little power, and may even have a higher incidence of adult criminal behavior.

 

Dealing with School Violence

Change Begins Here. 

Image by Self-portrait Girl via Flickr

There is no escaping it. For reasons that may sometimes be difficult to understand, school violence is prevalent. School violence has taken the lives or destroyed the futures of several youngsters as well as education providers. While many would like to point fingers at a faulty education system, the fact is that the social environment, home atmosphere and the child’s own psychological makeup can be contributing factors. If one were to try to deal with this issue, it has to be on multiple levels – it is the responsibility of the school, parents, teachers, members of society and all who live together in a community.

Schools have taken several steps to help deal with school violence in an effective manner. Teachers and education providers have to be sympathetic to students to a certain extent. They are at a volatile age and are undergoing many changes both physically and mentally. Life can be a series of turmoil for them and during school hours, it is up to the teachers to spot those that need some extra attention.

As parents, you must try to recognize violent tendencies in your child and address them. This does not mean just admonishing your child and forbidding them to do things. Rather, you should try to talk to them about what could possibly result in such violence. Anger management is not just for adults but for children as well.

For those who have already suffered the brutality of school violence, coping is just as important too. This must be done personally with family members as well in school among staff and students.

B​ooks on School Violence

B​ecause violence in public schools has become such a huge problem, it can be helpful for teachers and administrators to have a reading list handy on the subject. There have been a great deal of books published on the subject that deal with the causes, prevention tips and potential fallout of school violence.

F​ear Versus Facts, by Dewey Cornell: A forensic psychologist discusses a number of myths identified from his work with children including those about bullying and armed violence.

R​educing School Violence Through Conflict Resolution, by David Johnson and Roger Johnson: The authors of this book go into great detail explaining what conflict is, how it happens and when it is necessary. They also explore a number of useful methods for resolving conflict before it escalates into violence.

S​topping School Violence, by Derek Randel: This book mainly deals with bullying and is written for both parents and teachers. Randel also discusses several tools for victims of bullying to help bolster self-esteem and better understand the nature of problem.

W​e Need to Talk About Kevin, by Lionel Shriver: This novel explorers the mindset of a sociopathic young man and the efforts of his mother to understand and cope with him. Even though it is entirely fictional, the novel does provide readers and opportunity to look at the problem of school violence from the perspective of the bully’s parents, one of which is supportive while the other is in terror.

D​eadly Lessons – Understanding Lethal School Violence, by N​ational Research Council: This book is composed of case studies and research results concerning school violence, both small and large scale. While the causes and results are thoroughly explored, the authors maintain that there is no one definitive reason behind school violence.

These titles should provide parents, teachers and administrators with a grasp of the causes of bullying and school violence, as well as provide some useful information for dealing with the problem.

It Will Take the Efforts of the Entire Village to Gain Control of School Violence

School violence is a growing concern for school administrators, faculty and parents. Violence among youths is increasing exponentially and this violence is spilling into the school system. This continuing problem has inspired the Center of Disease Control to conduct studies on prevention and offer the results of their studies to the public and educators.

School administrators struggle to develop effective methods to reduce school violence. Most of the policies schools have in place are effective. There are many schools that provide a safe environment and have not experienced an increase in violence. Much of the violence will occur at the end of the school day, once the children have left school premises.

For many school administrators providing a safe environment is a top priority. However, with dwindling budgets, growing class size and staff cuts it is difficult to monitor all of the activities that occur throughout the school day. This problem is compounded by the fact most children are afraid to let and adult know he or she is being bullied or threatened in school. While much of the violence is initiated during school hours, the most serious threats are typically carried out after school.

For schools that are experiencing an increase in violence, administrators have responded with a no tolerance policy to weapons and violent behavior. The offenders are suspended or expelled. Many of them end up in juvenile facilities. However, the more subtle violence such as bullying is often over looked and goes unnoticed until tragedy strikes. At this point, the bully is expelled and may not be allowed to return to school.

Preventing school violence is the responsibility of school administrators; however, the problem is rooted within the community and in the homes of children. Parent and community involvement is crucial in gaining control of this growing problem.

Bullying is Violence

There are usually a few bullies to contend with in most schools. Unfortunately, in many cases bullying is not addressed quickly enough. Many children suffer fear and humiliation each day they attend school. While most bullying involves taunting and picking on another child, it is also accompanied by threats of physical violence. In many cases, children endure physical abuse. Bullying has often been overlooked, and now school administrators are classifying this as violent behavior whether the abuse is mental or physical. Most bullying occurs between classes, on the playground and during lunch. It is the responsibility of the school administrators and teachers to pay attention to such behavior. Many schools have instituted anti-bullying policies with specific protocols to address the situation effectively. In some areas of the United States, many schools are now required to report any activity of violence to the authorities. School administrators have recognized bullying leads to physical violence and have acknowledged the responsibility of the school administration to provide a safe environment. Many schools have instituted policies in which the parents of the victim and offender are immediately notified of the situation. Parental involvement is critical for both the victim and the offending bully. Disciplinary action is immediate and includes suspension and expulsion. In addition, the children and parents may be required to take courses such as anger management. Such policies are effective if the victim comes forward to report the bullying. However, in most cases, the victim is fearful of reporting such an incident. While school administrators are developing policies to address school violence, many children still suffer humiliation and threats. This not only impacts the child’s ability to learn it also diminishes the child’s self-esteem. It is important to let children know that bullying will not be tolerated. It is also important to let victims know when they report bullying, they will not have to fear retaliation.

School Violence Requires Action From Schools, Parents and Community

School administrators across the country; have begun to institute no tolerance policies to combat increasing violence within the school system. While the policies vary between states and school districts, it is a concerted effort to provide a safe educational environment for students. However, schools are still struggling with violence. Providing solutions and instituting new policies can be costly. Many school budgets are stretched to the limits. Class sizes continue to grow and teachers find it difficult to manage these burgeoning class sizes. There are numerous published studies on the growing problem of school violence. Ultimately, poor behavior in children begins in the home. Many children live in poverty, abusive homes and witness violence in the home or in their neighborhoods. This behavior will often manifest while the child is at school. School administrators have the difficult task of relating to children that are raised in bleak circumstances. The lack of parental support and involvement is crippling. While some schools experience little school violence, many schools must deal with violence daily. In the most violent schools, there are security guards, metal detectors and locked down lunches. This does not create a pleasant environment for educational purposes. Unfortunately, these measures do nothing to solve the root of the problem. Children are becoming more violent and the school system is unable to solve the problem without the support from parents and the community. To gain control of this growing problem, school administrators, parents and the community must become actively involved. Disciplinary action taken by the school system are ineffective unless the parents support the action and reinforce these actions within the home. Communities must understand that supporting the school system is crucial. School funding continues to suffer budget cuts while class size continues to increase. To establish safer schools, funding issues must be resolved.

The Root Cause of School Violence

While school administrators contend with devising new policies and procedures to create a safe learning environment, violence among youths increases. The growing problem is an issue society must address. The violence in schools is a problem that originates in the home and community. Many children live in violent and poor neighborhoods. Many studies conclude children in low-income areas have a propensity toward violent behavior. Sadly, they are learning and adopting this behavior from their surrounding environment. Parents struggle to support their families and are often absent from the home during critical periods.

Until the root cause is addressed and dealt with, school violence will continue to rise. School administrators have the daunting task of balancing a solid education with a safe environment. If a child is violent in the home, this will eventually be expressed in school. Many schools have instituted sensitivity training for school staff. This training includes skills to relate and communicate with children that may come from a hostile environment. In addition, this training includes methods of detecting warning signs and recognizing children that are at high risk.

School violence is an issue that many communities are experiencing. The Center for Disease control has declared this a public health issue. In addition, the CDC has initiated studies and made public the results of these studies. In an effort to provide schools and the communities with effective tools, the CDC has published free information available to the public. These tools include published studies, fact sheets and teaching aides for educators.

School administrators continue their efforts to provide a safe learning experience for all children. However, their resources are dwindling as violence among youths continues to rise. Until the root of the problem is addressed and solutions found, the violence will grow exponentially. This violent trend continues to garner the attention of the CDC and solutions are actively sought.

A Child is Bullied Every Seven Minutes

The increase of violence among youths is troubling and disturbing. Unfortunately, this violence is often perpetrated in school. This has caused an environment to develop in which some children fear attending school. Statistically, a child is bullied every seven minutes. Creating a safe environment for children to be educated is a challenge in many schools. The role of school administration has changed from providing a good education to combating school violence. Many schools have recognized the emotional and physical abuse that occurs in schools daily. Thousands of children dread attending school for fear of being bullied.

Many children will miss school because they are so fearful of being bullied. At least eight percent of children miss at least one day per month because they are afraid to attend school. Over 43 percent of children are terrified of using the restrooms at school because they are more likely to be harassed in the school restrooms. Many children are harassed or bullied on school playgrounds. Sadly, over 85 percent of the time, there is no intervention by teachers or peers. The problem is compounded by staggering statistics that indicate an argument with a bully results in physical violence 80 percent of the time.

School administrators find themselves scrambling to provide solutions for this growing problem. Many children suffer silently at the hands of a bully for fear of retaliation if they report the incident. Many schools have instituted confidentiality policies to encourage students to report bullying. Many schools have instituted policies of immediate expulsion and reporting the violent behavior to local authorities.

While many schools struggle to prevent school violence, children continue to be bullied and tormented. This growing problem not only causes harm physically and emotionally, it prevents children from obtaining an education. It makes learning difficult because many children dread and fear attending school.

School Violence and Administrator Resposibilities

In today’s world, school violence has become a widespread problem. Simple acts of taunting and teasing can now lead to expedited violence, and many people blame school administrators for the increasing violence in our schools. The principal is often the first administrator blamed for acts of violence. Fortunately, the principal can take some steps to safeguard the students. Training Parents, Teachers and Students to End School Violence The school principal can establish a non-violent school through many means. Some violence prevention ideas include physical tactics, like installing metal detectors, however, the most effective means of establishing a non-violent school involve education. By involving and/or educating parents, teachers and students, principals can begin to address violence issues in the schools. One way to discourage violence is to involve parents. Children who receive parental support are less likely to bully and more likely to report inappropriate behavior, and potential violence can be discouraged through a partnership of children, parents, and school administrators. Another way to prevent school violence is to train teachers in effective means of conflict management. Teachers who are able to manage fights and disagreements in the classroom will contribute to resolutions and prevent violence. Also, counseling staff should be aware of students in need, of ways to assist needy students, and of the community resources available to students. In the same light, children should be trained in conflict managment. Arming the children with tools to dissuade, avoid or manage an argument will empower them to stop violence before it starts. Children should also be taught to respect others’ belongings and beliefs, because respect is the key to non-violence. In the fight against bullying and school violence, the most important tool is education. Parents who are equipped to address problems, teachers trained to manage conflict, and students who respect differences in others can together end school violence.

Administrative Responsibilities and School Violence

Although principals are often blamed for school violence, teachers receive a large share of blame in shcool violence activities. Whether fair or unfair to administrators, teachers are now faced with the additional career struggle of diffusing violent behaviors. Thankfully, violence can be prevented if caught early, and there are many signs for which teachers can watch.

Signs of a Potentially Violent Student

Students who are in danger of becoming violent often feel alone, and in fact, these students may not have many or any friends. The potentially violent student may also have trouble controlling his feelings, may fight or argue regularly, and may threaten others. Also, an increase in drug or alcohol intake, a gang affiliation, and a fascination with weapons may indicate a student is leaning toward violence.

Students may also display a violent tendency if harming others, including animals, becomes a game or power conveyance. In the same line, a student who does not acknowledge others’ feelings or rights is in danger of becoming violent. Other signs of a violent student include poor grades or a decrease in grades and a withdrawal from normal activities or friends.

Teacher Responsibilities in Addressing the Student

Depending on school regulations, teachers may be advised to address a potentially violent student or to report the student’s behavior to the school counselor or principal. No matter what path the teacher must take, the important outcome of teacher involvement is to get the student the emotional and psychological help necessary.

Often, a teacher may not be equipped to address the psychological needs of a violent student, however, reporting the student to the appropriate administrator will allow school officials the opportunity to assist as soon as possible. A teacher who is equipped with a counseling background may assist the student to psychological healing.

Now required to identify and assist potentially violent students, teachers can avert violence and encourage a safer learning environment.